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Expo 2000

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For the Kraftwerk song, see

2000

Overview

-class

Universal exposition

Name

Expo 2000

Building(s)

Expo 2000

DachHolzkonstruktion

Area

160 hectares (400 acres)

Visitors

18,100,000

Mascot

Participant(s)

Countries

180

Organizations

Location

Country

Germany

City

Venue

Coordinates

Timeline

Bidding

1988

Awarded

14 June 1990

Opening

1 June 2000

Closure

31 October 2000

Universal expositions

Specialized expositions

Horticultural expositions

Expo 2000

was a

held in

, Germany from 1 June to 31 October

2000. It was located on the

(Messegelände Hannover), which

is the largest exhibition ground in the world. Initially, some 40 million

people were expected to attend the exhibition over the course of months;

however, eventually with less than half of this number, the Expo was a flop

and turned out to be a financial failure.

The Expo's masterplan was designed in a joint venture with Studio d'Arnaboldi

/ Cavadini, Locarno and AS&P (

und Partner GmbH).

History

[

]

Background

[

]

On 14 June 1990, the international organization sanctioning World Expos

awarded Expo 2000 to Hanover, beating out

by a 21 to 20 vote. In 1992, the architects Studio Arnaboldi/Cavadini of

Locarno won an international design competition for the master plan of the

exhibition grounds. On 12 June that year, a survey conducted by the city

council was made public, showing only 51.5% of area residents supported

hosting the expo.

Construction

[

]

On 5 May 1994, a new company was created by the government in Bonn,

Gesellschaft zur Vorbereitung und Durchführung der Weltausstellung

EXPO 2000 in Hannover

(EXPO 2000 Hannover GmbH). Headed by chairman Helmut

Werner, the company was responsible for the construction and management of the

Expo.

In 1995, the supervisory board agreed on the concept for the thematics of the

Expo. Construction finally began on 22 April 1996.

Unlike previous expos, which focused on present advances in science and

technology, EXPO 2000 focused more on developing and presenting solutions for

the future.

World Expo 2000

[

]

The Expo opened to the public on 1 June 2000 and ran for five months, ending

on 31 October.

The Expo site was situated on the original 1,000,000 square meters of the

; an additional 600,000 m

was also made available as a newly opened section of the grounds. As a visitor walked in and tickets were taken,

looking above to the approximately four-story-high ceiling, a visitor would have noticed the huge circular pods that

held large TVs showing animated people greeting the visitors and providing tourist information in different languages.

Some ten large

restaurants were also built, along with restaurants representing several of the exhibitor

countries. Small retail locations were also set up to supply Expo merchandise. The

reversed its decision

to take part at a relatively late stage, and the area set aside for the American pavilion was left undeveloped.

40,000,000 visitors were expected at Expo 2000, but only 25,210,000 people came to see the event. This led to a

financial deficit of about US$600,000,000. With pre-ordered tickets priced at 69 DM, the Expo seemed expensive

compared to other days out. Commentator Georg Giersberg wrote in the

that entrance fees for

Germany's 53 main theme parks cost on average less than half the price of the Expo (about 30 DM). Other financial

shortfalls came from a lack of corporate sponsorship, since it cost US$4.8 million to be an official product supplier

or US$14.5 million to become a world partner.

Part of the failure of the Expo was a lack of clear perception of what to expect at Expo 2000, not helped by a

"cerebral" advertising campaign that had failed to explain what the Expo was for. In a 2000

article, a Berlin-

based marketing firm,

, stated that "the organizers have failed to convey to the public a clear image

of what Expo 2000 is going to be: an entertainment park, a blown-up museum, or a nature reserve."

In the same article,

Ralf Strobach, secretary of

Hanover's Citizens' Initiative for Environment Protection

, said that "For a long time,

companies were unsure if they would be putting money in an eco-show or a showcase for their latest inventions." Only

after the Expo was open and clearly not meeting expectations was a new advertising campaign created, aimed at the

domestic market with British actor

and German television star

and stressing the fun

side of the Expo, under the slogan

"Das gibt's nur einmal, es kommt nie wieder"

("This only happens once, it's never

coming back").

The German band

created a

speech signature theme, "

", which was also developed into a

single of the same name. Later, a remix single "Expo Remix" was released. The band was also paid US$190,000 for a

five-second jingle, leading Chancellor

to state that he "wouldn't have spent so much money".

Settlement

[

]

The western slope of

emerged in the late 1990s in conjunction with the EXPO 2000, established an

environmental point of settlement at the Hannover Expo. The district is a result of independent evolutionary history

and unique structure, often perceived as a separate district.

Pavilions

[

]

Themed

[

]

The 21st Century

Planet of Visions

Human

Knowledge

Mobility

Communication

Energy

Health

Nutrition

Environment

Basic Needs

Future of Labour

National

[

]

In total, 155 nations took part. Some are outlined below:

The Bhutan Pavilion

– A Buddhist Temple brought from Bhutan to the World Exhibition in Hannover, having been

prefabricated in 16,000 construction parts in Bhutan.

Finland

– Titled "Wind Nest", the building was created by architects Sarlotta Narjus and Antti-Matti Siikala.

Four-storey twin buildings measuring 50 x 7.5 m each were clad in heat-treated thermowood. The two buildings were

connected by bridges, allowing visitors to move amongst the three exhibit halls on the first two stories. A 15 m

wide birch forest was also created.

Germany

– Designed by architect Wund Gruppe, the 24,000 m² building was the largest nation pavilion at Expo.

Japan

– The Japanese Pavilion was a

structure made out of recycled paper tubes that created a honeycomb-

like building. The German authorities refused to allow a paper-only structure, literally held together at the joints

by tape, so a secondary supporting structure made of wood was created to obtain the needed legal approval. Designed

by architect

along with consultants

(the German architect who created the

and the German pavilion at

in Montreal),

(the British engineering firm which created

the

) and Stefan Polonyi (a structural engineering professor), the building took 3 weeks to assemble

and covered an exhibit area of 72 m (long) x 35 m (wide) x 15.5 m (high), pavilion lot size: 5,450 m² and building

surface area: 3,600 m².

Latvia

– about 300,000 people participated

in the "Zime" project created by Armands Strazds and

[

]

Lithuania

– The pavilion was designed by Marina and Audrius Bučas, Gintaras Kuginys, Valdas Ozarinskas and Aida

Čeponytė. The building was a futuristic glossy yellow. The main attraction was the film "Flight over Lithuania".

Mexico

– The pavilion consisted of five separate buildings linked by ramps, and after the Expo, was relocated to

the

. The architect was

Monaco

– Monaco contributed at the exhibition by constructing a hypermodern modular prefabricated pavilion which

was designed by the architect Hans Ferdinand Degraeuwe.

Mongolia

– Mongolia participated at the exhibition by constructing a nomadic town of the 13th century, called

’s Town", covering one hectare. The pavilion was designed by the architect Adiya Baldandorj Bayud, to show

the

residences of Great

of the

of the 13th century. The feature of this town was that it

created the town with ger, ger-carriage and various kinds of cotton residents, which are different in forms, sizes

and applications, used by Mongolians of that century. Moreover, the King’s privilege armchair, clothing and

accessories of ancient heroes and weapons were shown in the "Chingis's Town".

Netherlands

was located at '3' Europa Boulevard, and the Dutch pavilion was one of the most popular buildings,

winning international acclaim, and was designed by the firm

. The theme of the 36 m high building (the Expo's

tallest structure) was "Holland creates Space". Six Holland eco-system landscapes were stacked to showcase how a

country can make the most out of a small space. Guests entered on the ground floor and moved through the exhibit

space via grand exterior staircases that wrapped around the building. The top level contained a small lake

surrounded with windmills that generated power for the building. The interior spaces were designed by MET Studio.

The original plan was to dismantle the building and move it back to Amsterdam, but it was determined that it would

be much cheaper to just create a new building from scratch. As of 2006, the building sits empty and is partially

looted with windows smashed and garbage everywhere.

Portugal

– Designed by architects Álvaro Siza Vieira and Eduardo Souto de Moura, the 2,350 m² pavilion was located

on the

Europa Boulevard

. The prefabricated two-story building was covered with around 55 tons of expanded cork

agglomerate and with hand-made glazed tiles on the patio and had a double glass fibre canvas membrane roof.

Spain

– Designed with the theme "Familiarity and Solidarity."

Switzerland

– The 3019 square meter pavilion designed by

was built of stacked wooden beams of

larchwood and Scots pine held together by steel rods and springs.

United Arab Emirates

– The 3000 m² pavilion, situated on a 6000 m² plot (the largest of the Expo sites), was a

recreated desert fort. Designed by the French architect Alain Durand-Heriot, the exhibit tried to evoke the feeling

of being in the Arab state. The main attraction was a 360° circular cinema. The building was 84 m × 36 m and

built out of recyclable materials. The theme of the pavilion was "From the traditional to the modern" and presented

the history of the country.

Venezuela

– The

was a convertible tent structure which opened and closed like a flower. It was very

lightweight, was constructed with no waste and completely re-usable. The flower petals were positioned according to

the weather, to shade, keep dry or allow sun to shine on the pavilion. It was designed by

and

with

Main article:

Other

[

]

Planet m – Media for Mankind

– The

pavilion, designed by

, explored the importance

of the media. Guests were brought to the exhibition by the world's largest elevator, which could transport up to 200

people at once. Today, the building is used by the

BMW World

– The exhibit focused on

's efforts to create clean-energy operated vehicles. The BMW 750hL Clean

Energy car was on display. There were also exhibits on the possibilities of solar- and water-fueled cars. Daimler

Chrysler also operated

Lab.01

, an interactive laboratory showcasing mobility devices including mini-robots.

EU European Union

– The pavilion presented the European Union's vision of Europe. The walk-through exhibit was

divided into seven zones: 50's, Time Shuttle, Euro, Blue Planet, Bridge, Tunnel, Here and Now.

Global House

– The building housed the

One World Cafe

and a variety of exhibits, including

Indigenous Peoples'

Wisdom from the Earth

, a display of 26 initiatives by indigenous groups from around the globe. Each initiative

was shown in a flight case and featured text, images, and in many cases, contemporary handicraft. The exhibit was

the first opportunity for indigenous people to represent themselves at a World Expo.

WWF

(

) – Pavilion

The ZERI Pavilion

– The largest bamboo structure designed by

, was built by 41 Colombian wood workers

in less than three months. Over 4,500 bamboos (

Guadua angustifolia

) were joined to construct this building. Nine

months of intensive scientific research and testing first enabled the acquisition of a temporary permit, and after

the building was constructed twice (once in Manizales, Colombia and once in Hanover), the final permit was granted

the day before the opening of the Expo 2000. This pavilion presented seven projects from around the world which

demonstrated that it is possible to respond to everyone's needs on Earth with what we have. The projects from

Colombia, Zimbabwe, Fiji, Sweden and Japan inspired many young people. The ZERI Pavilion had an estimated 6.4

million visitors, but it had no doors and no queues.

Christ Pavilion

– Christ Pavilion of the Protestant and Catholic churches in Germany, 2001 reconstructed at the

monastery Volkenroda.

Projects

[

]

Lost Paradise Lost - art meets church

Rain Forest House - hear, smell, taste and feel the diversity of the tropical highland rain forest

- where the animals can live in conditions similar to their natural habitats

- worldwide knowledge transfer as well as further education in the field of conservation and

restoration

Worlds Children Peace Monument (WCPM) - conceived during EXPO 2000's Culture on the Move segment in cooperation

with the United Nations 2000 Culture of Peace Program. The WCPM project, still in use today, encourages positive

community participation through the establishment of works of public art, through cultural education and

entrepreneurial training to children around the World.

Legacy

[

]

Glass sculpture "

from EXPO

2000, rebuilt in the

The Nepal Himalaya Pavilion from

the Expo 2000, rebuilt with a

small botanical garden at

near

Some of the buildings on the Expo site were sold after EXPO 2000 ended, but most of

the exhibition area is still used for major fairs in Germany, as it has been since

1949. The southeastern area around Expo Plaza has been turned into Hanover's new

centre of information technology, design, media and arts.

Most of the national pavilion buildings were demolished, or disassembled and shipped

to their home countries, following the Expo. Some buildings were retained, including

the Netherlands Pavilion.

The structure has now fallen into disrepair, until

earlier in December 2017, when architecture company MVRDV announced plans to

restore and renovate the Netherlands pavilion to accommodate future users.

A glass sculpture called "

" by

exhibited as part of

the

Presentation in the Polish Pavilion

was later handed over by

the City of

to the

The sculpture is the main central point of the Agora

of the