All Parties Hurriyat Conference

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"Hurriyat" redirects here. For the settlement in Surxondaryo Region, Uzbekistan, see

All Parties Hurriyat

Conference

(Mirwaiz faction)

(Geelani faction;

interim)

Founders

Founded

31 July 1993

Preceded by

Headquarters

Colors

Website

All Parties Hurriyat Conference

(

APHC

) is an alliance of several

political, social and religious organizations formed on 9 March 1993, as a

united political front to raise the cause of Kashmiri independence in the

. Mehmood Ahmed Saghar was the first convener of the APHC-PAK

chapter when the alliance was established in 1993.

The alliance has

historically been viewed positively by

as it contests the claim of

the Indian government over the State of

The

organisation is split into two main factions, the Mirwaiz and Geelani

factions.

is the founder and chairman of Mirwaiz faction

and

is the interim chairman of Geelani faction, who

succeeded

, the founder of the faction after his

death.

History

[

]

The All Parties Hurriyat Conference was founded on 31 July 1993.

On 27

December 1992, the 19-year-old Mirwaiz Umar Farooq, who had taken over as

chairman of J&K Awami Action Committee (J&KAAC) and become the head priest of

Kashmir after the assassination of his father Mirwaiz Farooq, called a meeting

of religious, social and political organisations at Mirwaiz Manzil leading to

the creation of the formation the following year.

The APHC executive council had seven members from seven executive parties:

of Jamat-e-Islami,

of Awami Action

Committee,

of People’s League, Moulvi

of Ittehad-ul-Muslimeen, Prof Abdul Gani Bhat of Muslim Conference,

of JKLF, and

of People’s Conference.

Now, the leadership of the some executive parties have changed with time like

of people's league,

of Ittehad-ul-

Muslimeen and

of people's conference, renamed as JK peoples

independent movement

Ideology and role

[

]

According to the Hurriyat, Jammu and Kashmir is a disputed territory and

India's control of it is not justified. It supports the Pakistani claim that

is the "unfinished agenda of Partition" and needs to be solved "as per

the aspirations of the people of Jammu and Kashmir."

The APHC perceives itself to be the sole representative of the Kashmiri people.

The organisation's primary role has been to project an image of counter-insurgency operations in Jammu and Kashmir and

to mobilise public opinion against Indian security forces. The alliance has consistently followed up local allegations

of security force excesses, and in several documented cases, false allegations about human violation by Indian

security forces. For instance, the Haigam firing incident of 16 February 2001, was an assault on a peaceful gathering

whereas, but later claimed in news reports and official clarifications, the army contingent fired upon the mob only

when they were blocked and prevented from moving.

The APHC has also an observer's status in the

(OIC). OIC has invited

for its June 2005 Foreign Ministers Conference in Yemen.

Internal Split

[

]

There are currently two main factions of the Hurriyat Conference, formed by

and

. The Mirwaiz-led group, also referred to as the "moderate faction" along with non-Hurriyat leaders like

undertook, between 2–16 June 2005, the first formal visit of Kashmiri separatists to Pakistani Kashmir and

subsequently, though unsanctioned by Indian authorities, to Pakistan.

Internal fissures within the Hurriyat Conference culminated in a formal split on 7 September 2003,

with at least 12

of its 26 constituents "removing" the then Chairman Maulana

"replacing" him with

its interim chief. The dissenters reportedly met at the residence of hardliner and pro-Pakistan

(JeI)

leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani and decided to depose Ansari and "suspend" the seven-member executive committee, the

highest decision-making forum of the APHC. A five-member committee was formed to review the Hurriyat Constitution and

suggest amendments to reverse what the dissenters perceived as "autocratic" decisions taken by the executive

committee.

Following this, Geelani formed his own faction of the Hurriyat called All Party Hurriyat Conference (G)

and took over

its leadership in 2003. He was later appointed as its lifetime chairman.

It consists of 24 parties. In 2004 he

founded his own party named

due to differences with the Jamaat-e-Islami.

He was appointed as the

party chairman in October 2004.

The Hurriyat Conference again split in 2014. The moderate Hurriyat Conference led by Mirwaiz Umar Farooq faced the

split after four senior leaders raised a banner of revolt against the chairman and other members of the

conglomerate.

Democratic Freedom Party president Shabir Ahmad Shah, National Front chairman Nayeem Ahmad Khan,

Mahaz-e-Azadi chief Mohammad Azam Inqlabi and Islamic Political Party Mohommad Yousuf Naqash were up in arms against

Mirwaiz after he dashed off a letter to the convener in

, Mohommad Yousuf Naseem, asking

him not to entertain the leaders who have left the conglomerate on their own. The leader Shabir Shah and his

lieutenant Nayeem Khan along with Shia leader Agha Hassan joined Hurriyat Conference (G) led by Syed Ali Geelani.

Views on right to self-determination

[

]

All JKLF factions support the right to self-determination as per

. Hurriyat, led by

, Shabir Shah, Nayeem Khan & Azam Inquilabi, demand the right to self-determination as per

Members of the Executive Council of the original APHC were:

Peoples Conference:

Jamat-e-Islami:

Awami Action Committee:

People's League:

Itehad-ul-Muslimeen:

Muslim Conference:

JKLF:

Criticism and controversies

[

]

Relations with Pakistan and Afghanistan

[

]

, a senior leader of the

and son of

criticised

Hurriyat leader Syed Ali Shah Geelani for working on "dictations" given by Pakistan. He accused Geelani of being "a

double agent" on "the payroll of Pakistan's

Kamal said "Geelani has tried to 'ignite and incite' people by 'hollow slogans and destructive emotionalism', whenever

even a Pakistani clerk comes to India and summons this ex-lawmaker(Geelani), he rushes to Delhi to take dictation

about how to ensure that uncertainty prevails in the state."

Pakistan also openly supported Geelani and Hurriyat, and representatives have had several meetings with Hurriyat

leaders. A three-member delegation from the

led by Abdul Basit met Geelani at his Malviya

Nagar residence in March 2015. Pakistan

Abdul Basit assured Geelani of complete support conveying

that the country's stand on Kashmir remains unchanged despite the regime change in New Delhi.

Basit also

invited Geelani for a

function on 23 March. The Pakistan High Commission in New Delhi, ritually invites

pro-separatist leadership of Jammu and Kashmir for the function every year.

Indian media vehicles reported that Geelani and Hurriyat are paying local unemployed young men to stage protests.

According to them, arrested participants confessed being paid Rs 400($6–7) every Friday. Police said the money is

being raised locally by Hurriyat hardliner Syed Ali Shah Geelani's followers. Most of the money comes from fruit

markets and saw mills, Pakistan-based LeT terrorists also participate in stone peltings,

the police

said.

Elections boycott

[

]

Geelani and Hurriyat appealed to the people of Kashmir to boycott the 2014

completely, arguing that: "India has been holding elections in the Valley using the power of gun and so such

an exercise is not legitimate."

But despite repeated boycott appeals, the 2014 assembly election recorded record

voter turnout of more than 65% which was the highest in 25 years of history and higher than normal voting percentages

in other states of India.

While voter turnout in Jammu and Kashmir as a whole was high, it remained low in Kashmir, and in many thickly

populated areas of Srinagar and Anantnag, it stayed considerably below the norm, reaching close to 20% in some of

them.

This trend continued and became much worse during the 2019 Lok Sabha election in JK, where Srinagar and

Anantnag recorded voter turnout of 15.6% and 9.7% each respectively.

welcomed the smooth conduct of the State Legislative Elections in

the Jammu and Kashmir.

Zlotowski's office in its message said that: "The high voter turnout figure proves that

democracy is firmly rooted in India. The EU would like to congratulate India and its democratic system for conduct of

fair elections, unmarred by violence, in the state of Jammu and Kashmir [...] The European Parliament also takes

cognizance of the fact that a large number of Kashmiri voters turned out despite calls for the boycott of elections by

certain separatist forces."

Current members

[

]

Current

[

]

members of All Parties Hurriyat Conference include:

[

]

Number

Party

Leader

Aawami Action Committee

People's League

Anjamani Auqafi Jama Masjid

Mohammad Umar Farooq

Anjaman-e-Tablig-ul Islam

Syed Qasim Shah Bukhari

Ummat Islami

Qazi Ghulam Mohammad

Anjuman e shari shiyan

Aga Syed Hassan al-moosvi Al-

safvi

Jammu Kashmir National Front

Nayeem Ahmed Khan

All Jammu & Kashmir Employees' Confederation

Ishtiaq Qadri

Jamiate Ulama-E-Islam

Abdul Gani Azhari

Jamiat-e-Hamdania

Mirwaiz Moulana Muhammad Yaseen

Hamdani

Jammu and Kashmir People's Conference

till 2002

assassination

Muhammad Yasin Malik

& Mehmood Ahmed

Saghar

Jammu and Kashmir People's Basic Rights (Protection) Committee

Mufti Bahauddin Farouqi

Liberation Council

Azhar Bhat

Kashmir Bazme Tawheed

Tajamul Bhat

Kashmir Bar Association

Zaroon bhat

Muslim Khawateen Markaz

Zaid Bhat/ Anjum Zamarud

Habib

Khokhar e aazam

Tehreek-e-Hurriyat Kashmiri

Saqib Bhat

Jammu and Kashmir People's Independent Movement

Bilal Ghani Lone

Peoples Political Party

Eng Hilal Ahmad War

Imam Ahmad Raza Islamic Mission

Rafeeq Ahmad Mir

Moulana Abdul Rashid Dawoodi

Jammu and Kashmir People's Freedom League

Muhammad Farooq Rehmani

Peoples Political Party Hilal Ahmed War for Azad Jammu and Kashmir n

Pakistan chapter

Mian Muzaffar Shah

J & K Muslim League

Jammu and Kashmir Human Rights Committee

Noor-Ul-Hassan

Employees and Workers Confederation

Mohiuddin

Majlis-e-Tehfuz-ul-Islam

Muslim Zone Employees Front

Unjman-e-Itehad-e-Muslimeen Tral

Muslim Employees Front

Shia Rabitta Committee

Sardar Hassan Ibrahim Khan

Saifullah Khalid Kasuri

Ghazi Shahzad

Syed Muhammad Kafeel Bukhari

Hurriyat Conference has three factions: Hurriyat led by

, Hurriyat led by

, and

Hurriyat led by

, Azam Inquilabi & Nayeem Khan.

is not part of these

factions.