Alexander II of Macedon
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Alexander II
Bronze
of Alexander II
Reign
370–368 BC
Predecessor
Successor
Born
c.
390 BC
Died
368 BC (aged approx. 22)
Father
Mother
Alexander II
(
:
,
:
Alexandros
;
c.
390
–368 BC)
was king of the
kingdom of
from around 370 BC until his
death in 368 BC.
He was a member of the
through his father
.
Family
[
]
He was the eldest of the three sons of king Amyntas and
.
His brothers were
and
.
King of Macedonia
[
]
Although he had already attained his majority, Alexander was very young when
he ascended to the throne in 369 BC. This caused immediate problems for the
new king as enemies of the dynasty resumed war. Alexander simultaneously faced
an
invasion from the north-west and an attack from the east by the
pretender
. Pausanias quickly captured several cities and threatened
the queen mother, who was at the palace in
with her young sons.
Alexander defeated his enemies with the help of the
general
, who had been sailing along the Macedonian coast on the way to
recapture
.
[
]
At the request of the Thessalian
, Alexander intervened in a civil war in
. He successfully gained
control of
and several other cities but, betraying a promise he had made, put garrisons in them. This provoked
a hostile reaction from
, the leading military power in
at the time. The Theban general
drove
the Macedonians from Thessaly. He then neutralized Alexander by favoring the ambitions of Alexander's brother-in-law
, and forced Alexander to abandon his alliance with Athens in favor of Thebes. As part of this new
alliance, Alexander had to hand over hostages, including his younger brother
.
[
]
He would coin the name of the king's personal guard; the
, or the infantry companions.
The name would
be retooled under Philip II as the name of his
infantry.
Alexander was assassinated during a performance of the
telesias
, a war dance, at the instigation of
.
Although Alexander's brother
became the next king, he was under age, and Ptolemy became regent and
effectively the ruler.
References
[
]
Citations
[
]
Errington, R. Malcolm (1990). A History of Macedonia. University of California Press. p. 35.
Roisman, Joseph (2010). "Classical Macedonia to Perdiccas III". In Roisman, Joseph; Worthington, Ian (eds.). A Companion to
Ancient Macedonia. Wiley-Blackwell. p. 161.
^
Hammond, Nicholas Geoffrey Lemprière (1993).
. Adolf M. Hakkert.
.
. University of California: F. Steiner. 1991.
Wheatley, Pat; Hannah, Robert (2009).
. Regina Books.
.
Borza, Eugene N. (1990).
In the shadow of Olympus : the emergence of Macedon
. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press.
p. 191.
.
.
Alexander II of Macedon
Born:
c.
390 BC
Died:
368 BC
Preceded by
370–368 BC
Succeeded by
Legendary
Dynastic conflict
Post-Conquest Rebel Kings
Debatable or disputed rulers are in
italics
.
:
This page was last edited on 9 March 2026, at 11:32
(UTC)
.
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